BJA Open. 2026.

Interventions for iron deficiency with or without anaemia in visceral surgery: recommendations for future research.

Br J Anaesth. 2026.

Responsible use of large language models in manuscript authorship, peer review, and editorial processes: a Delphi consensus among editors-in-chief of anaesthesia and pain medicine journals (RULE-AP).

This article presents a Delphi consensus developed by a panel of editors-in-chief of anaesthesiology and pain medicine journals to guide the responsible use of large language models (LLMs) in academic publishing. LLMs offer potential benefits for scientific writing, including language editing, summarisation, translation, information organisation, and support for non-native English speakers, but their misuse raises concerns about accuracy, transparency, confidentiality, and research integrity. Through a three-round modified Delphi process involving 53 editors-in-chief or their delegates, 59 statements were generated and categorised into guidance for authors, editors, reviewers, and publishers with a particular attention to LLM disclosure practices and perceived risks. The consensus recognises that LLMs are useful tools in academic publishing for authors, reviewers, and editors. However, their use must be guided by ethics, legality, and principles of transparency and accountability. LLMs may assist with limited editorial and authorial tasks provided that their use is fully disclosed and all outputs are verified by humans. The consensus also emphasises the inappropriateness of using LLMs to generate original or ideative content, which should remain a strictly human responsibility. Moreover, LLMs must not generate data, references, conclusions, or entire manuscripts, nor be used for editorial decisions or peer-review reports. Editors expressed concerns about 'hallucinations', erosion of critical skills, confidentiality breaches, and the proliferation of low-quality LLM-generated manuscripts. The resulting guidance highlights transparency, human accountability, and careful verification as essential principles for integrating LLMs into scholarly workflows while preserving the integrity of scientific publishing.

BMC Anesthesiol. 2026.

Mind the gap: a prospective observational study of interprofessional differences in ASA-PS assessments between surgeons and anaesthesiologists.

The American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification system is the most widely used tool for estimating perioperative risk. Despite its widespread application, the ASA-PS is based solely on the subjective assessment of the patient’s clinical condition and comorbidities, which leads to considerable inter-rater variability. The aim of this study was to investigate interprofessional differences in ASA-PS scoring between surgeons and anaesthesiologists.

Anaesthesiologie. 2026.

[Anesthetic diversity: a pillar of healthcare system resilience and a strategic imperative in an era of uncertainty].

Infection. 2026.

Think sepsis, write sepsis, code sepsis - patient characteristics associated with sepsis (under-)coding in administrative health data.

Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, yet its documentation and coding in administrative health data remain unreliable. Accurate coding is essential for epidemiological surveillance, quality assurance, and reimbursement. This study aims to identify patient characteristics associated with under-diagnosis and under-coding of sepsis in German inpatient administrative health data (IAHD).

Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2026.

Protecting clinician autonomy and patient safety within the climate debate: the case for desflurane in modern anaesthesia.

The anaesthesia community should play a more active role in shaping sustainable healthcare practices. Current environmental measures, such as the European Commission's impending restriction on desflurane (an inhaled anaesthetic) from January 2026, risk unintended consequences for patient care and clinical autonomy.

Anaesthesiologie. 2026.

Anesthetic diversity: a pillar of healthcare system resilience and a strategic imperative in an era of uncertainty.

Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2026.

[Patient Blood Management in Women].

In women of reproductive age, particularly during pregnancy and childbirth, patient blood management (PBM) plays an important role in reducing the risk of anemia and hemorrhage. These conditions are leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. By promoting early detection and treatment of iron deficiency anaemia, the implementation of a holistic PBM programme enables better outcomes for both, the mother and child. Implementing PBM protocols in perioperative care of women and perinatal care of parturients is essential to enhancing women's, maternal and neonatal health on a global scale.

Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2026.

[Gender-specific Differences in Anesthesiology].

Gender specific differences are a current and increasingly discussed topic. Cardiovascular conditions in women are often diagnosed later and with more advanced severity. Similarly, women are frequently underrepresented in studies investigating the effects of anesthetics on the central nervous system. In the field of anesthesiology, scientific interest in this topic has grown rapidly. Gender specific differences arise from anatomical, physiological, and psychosocial factors, all of which can significantly influence the perioperative and postoperative management. This highlights the importance of awareness and appropriately addressing these differences. The aim of this review article is to summarize the most relevant sex-specific differences in the field of anesthesiology.

Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2026.

[Gender-specific Aspects and Patient Blood Management - New Perspectives for Anesthesiology].

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2026.

Preservation of Platelet Function After Intraoperative Cell Salvage Using the i-SEP Same Device in Cardiac Surgery.

To evaluate whether platelet function is preserved after intraoperative autotransfusion using the Same system, a device designed to retain both red blood cells and platelets in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery.

J Clin Anesth. 2026.

Erratum to "Removal of EpCAM-positive tumor cells during intraoperative blood salvage- A pivotal multicenter clinical study (REMOVE)" [Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 106 (2025) 111972 (9 pages)].

JAMA. 2025.

Individualized Perioperative Blood Pressure Management in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: The IMPROVE-multi Randomized Clinical Trial.

Intraoperative hypotension is associated with organ injury. However, it remains unknown if targeted blood pressure management during surgery can improve clinical outcomes.

Lancet Glob Health. 2025.

The aetiology and prevalence of preoperative anaemia in patients undergoing major surgery (ALICE): an international, prospective, observational cohort study.

Preoperative anaemia is a major risk factor for perioperative morbidity. Because iron deficiency is widely assumed to be the main cause of anaemia in surgical patients, treatment efforts have focused mostly on iron supplementation. However, the aetiology of anaemia is multifactorial. To further understand the underlying causes and consider a comprehensive approach to anaemia management, we studied the prevalence and aetiology of preoperative anaemia in patients undergoing major surgery.

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2025.

Prospective Evaluation of Thrombotic Complications After Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation for External Bypass.

To determine the incidence and subsequent complications of internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis after cannulation performed during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to ensure adequate venous drainage during minimally invasive cardiac surgery.